A Computational Model For The ICAP Framework: Exploring Agent-Based Modeling As An AIED Methodology

Recently, researchers have advocated for using complex systems methodologies including agent-based modeling in education. This study proposes using agent-based models to simulate teaching and learning environments. Specifically, we present ABICAP, an agent-based model that simulates learning in accordance with the ICAP framework, which defines four levels of cognitive engagement: Interactive, Constructive, Active, and Passive. The ICAP hypothesis suggests a higher level of engagement results in improved learning outcomes. To show how ABICAP can support running hypothetical studies in a risk-free and inexpensive environment, we present two simulations examining different pedagogical scenarios. We show how our model can surface counterintuitive results which may lead to a more nuanced understanding of ICAP. More generally, this paper provides a concrete example of how agent-based modeling can be used as a methodology for advancing education research. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.